80th Anniversary of the United Nations Organisation

              One month ago, precisely on 24th October, the United Nations was created. This post is a tribute to this important organisation, but in many people's opinion, the U.N. could do a lot more to protect human rights, peace and democracy around the world.     I have a YouTube channel, here is the link.   https://www.youtube.com/@lucianofietto4773/videos. Since the creation of this channel its visualization counter doesn't work, the same has been happening with the counter of this blog since its creation in 2010. And my right to know the exact number of visualizations it is not the only violation of human rights I am a victim.   This post is a summary of two articles. The first was published at https://www.un.org/en/UN80.     The second was published at https://www.weforum.org/stories/2025/09/un-marking-80th-anniversary-plan-for-change/

                   By promoting peace, human rights and social progress, including access to healthcare and education, the United Nations has improved the lives of people around the world, creating better living standards for all. The U.N. remains the essential, one-of-a-kind meeting ground to advance peace, sustainable development and human rights. It works to help countries end the horrors of conflict to forge sustainable peace. The U.N. stand up for justice and respect for human rights. It documents human rights violations worldwide, advocates for robust human rights protections, promotes compliance with international laws and standards. Together with its specialized agencies it tackles poverty, hunger and disease and provide humanitarian relief in emergencies and crises. Over the last eight decades, U.N. health agencies have vastly improved child and maternal mortality, saved millions of lives with immunization, and prevented and controlled the spread of deadly disease like malaria, tuberculosis and AIDS. Eighty years after its founding, the United Nations faces new challenges. The climate crisis is raging and inequalities are growing. Terrorism and the nuclear threat persist, and new threats have emerged as A. I. becomes ubiquitous, rushing ahead of regulation. In March 2025, the Secretary-General launched the U.N.80 initiative to transform how the U.N. works, identifying efficiencies, reviewing how mandates are implemented and examining structural changes and programme realignment within the U.N. system. The Pact for the Future aims to strengthen global cooperation for the 21st century and rebuild trust in multilateralism and the Security Council, The Pact includes support for SDG to help developing countries to invest in their people and tackle challenges, like moving to a future in renewable.                                                                                                                                                                         The U.N. marks its 80th anniversary this year, at a time and in a world that are remarkably different from those it was born into, and yet which also bear some striking similarities. Officially entering into existence on 24 October 1945, the U.N. set out its aims in its Charter, including to "maintain international peace and security", "reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights", and "promote social progress and better standards of life" and ensure "justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law". It initially had 51 members and now has 193, and like its membership its mission has also slowly expanded, evolving into areas such creating the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and supporting financing for development purposes. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres (whose term ends in December 2026) now wants the U.N. to review its role and has used the opportunity of its anniversary to launch the U.N.80 Initiative, "a system -wide push to streamline operations, sharpen impact and reaffirm the U.N.'s relevance for a rapidly changing world". The U.N.80 process will involve three tracks of reform. The first will aim to improve internal efficiency and effectiveness through "cutting red tape and optimizing the U.N.'s global footprint by relocating some functions to lower cost duty stations". The second will examine the thousands of mandate documents that dictate what the U.N. does in order to remove those that have become outdated and prioritise the organization's aims and work. The third will look at whether "structural changes and programmes realignment are needed across the U.N. system" to simplify operations. With the U.N.'s budget under pressure from governments cutting aid, some have claimed U.N.80 is a cost-saving exercise. The U.N.80 Initiative calls for the reform process to be "inclusive and transparent", having marginalized voices as being crucial to securing peace. Inclusion will be critical to securing progress on the SDGs, too. A more inclusive U.N. that reflects the voices, needs and priorities of member states and other stakeholders strengthens legitimacy and trust, making its decisions and actions more representative and sustainable.

Day of Fighting Injustice - 2025

                         Almost three months ago, precisely on 23rd of August was celebrated in Brazil, the day of fighting injustice. We all must defend justice, because when there is some systematic injustice happening for so long, a dangerous precedent can happen, destroying democracy, undermining rule of law and human rights and possibly spreading more injustice. So, the public trust in our institutions is severely harmed. Besides, when there is not justice, the abuses tend to grow, spreading and affecting many more people. So if you have witnessed any violation of human rights, record it and help fight injustice.  The systematic violations, the impunity, the daily bullying on mainstream media, the threats online and offline exist to do the victims give up to fight for their rights and reparations.  We all should recognize who have courage to defend our human rights including our political rights. Because always there are costs to do this, so help who is losing to defend our rights. Never a human rights defender has had so many rights violated for so long time, but now all the world is demanding justice. This post is a summary of two article. The first was published at https://www.beyondintractability.org/cci-mbi-cv19-blog/burgess-current-past-oppression. The second was published at https://www.jw.org/en/library/magazines/watchtower-study-september-2025/The-Best-Way-to-Respond-to-Injustice/

                     From its earliest days, human society has been plagued by greedy individuals determined to dominate, oppress and exploit others. Social evolution has been shaped by a continuing struggle between these individuals and the larger society that they seek to oppress and exploit. Many of history's greatest accomplishment have been focused on taking one oppressive strategy after another off the table. These include, at least for the U.S., The English Common Law, the Declaration of Independence, the Bill of Rights, the 1964 Civil Rights Act. and Roe v. Wade. Other milestones included abandonment of the European colonial empires. Still, the desire to exploit others is a monster that respond to each defeat with some sort of clever workaround that will continue to threaten society. Against this backdrop, the test of each generation is not vehemence with which it searches the historical record for perpetrators of past acts of oppression and its ability to posthumously disgrace them. It is the ability of a society to recognize and combat the innovative new forms of oppression that are having such a huge impact on the lives of people now. While it is, of course, always good to correct the record with respect to past oppression, it is critically important that these historical revisions also acknowledge the positive steps that have been taken, steps that need to be defended and strengthened. Discounting the importance of these steps would do much to strengthen the hand of current-day oppressors since it would undermine some of the best, currently-available tools for defending the interests of the larger population. Beyond this, we need to support vigorous and sophisticated efforts to expose the deceptive forms of oppression that characterize today's world and build the kind of broadly-based coalition needed to effectively challenge them. Obviously, the building of such coalition will only be possible if people resist the divide-and-conquer strategies that contemporary oppressors are using to weaken those who values human rights and justice. To succeed, we need to work together to address current-day oppression.                                                                                                                                            We live in an unjust world. People are treated unfairly for many reasons. They suffer the effects of problems caused or worsened by greedy executives and corrupt officials. These and other injustices affect us all, either directly or indirectly. It is not surprising that many are angry about the injustice they see in the world today. We all want to live in a world where we feel safe and are treated fairly. Some get involved in protests, sign petitions and support political leaders who promise to fight injustice. Still, we can't help but be dismayed, even angry, when we see someone being treated unfairly. We may wonder: 'How should I respond? Is there anything I can do about injustice right now? We may not be able to control the unjust actions of others, but we can control our own actions. The most important way we can respond to injustice is by sharing truths with others. We should reveal not only why there is so much injustice but also how we feel about the distress that it causes us. May we continue to preach the good news we all eagerly looking forward to the time when the earth will be filled with justice and righteousness.

The Need for Advanced Skills and R&D in the Developing World

              The Latin Americans shouldn't miss the focus on development, education, peace, justice, democracy and human rights. For almost two decades I've been writing online about the importance of these issues for a better life to everyone.   I have a YouTube channel, here is the link.   https://www.youtube.com/@lucianofietto4773/videos. Since the creation of this channel its visualization counter doesn't work, the same has been happening with the counter of this blog since its creation in 2010.       This post is a summary of two articles. The frist was published at https://blogs.worldbank.org/en/education/local-problems--local-solutions--the-need-for-advanced-skills-an. The second published https://www.ipea.gov.br/cts/en/all-contents/articles/articles/264-r-defficiency-in-brazil

                                           Education is part of the enabling infrastructure required for jobs, social development, and future economic growth. Unfortunately, low-and-middle-income countries face an urgent skills crisis with nearly 70% of children unable to read a simple text by age 10. While focusing on the foundations makes sense, developing countries allocates less than 20% of their government education budgets to tertiary education, and less than 2% of their GDP to R&D. This limits their capacity for advanced research and innovation. By contrast, high-income countries spend more than 3% of their much larger GDP on R&D, in addition to private contributions and far larger tertiary education budgets. Some argue that the developing world's limited higher education and R&D sector shouldn't be alarming, while innovate tech can simply be imported from high-income countries. This argument misses a simple point: local problems often demand local solutions. In high-income countries, where malaria is rare, armyworms don't threaten agriculture, and sweet potatos are not central to the diet, there is little incentive to study these foreign topics. Indeed, new research shows that tech developed overseas are often "inappropriate" for domestic markets. For example, crop pests and pathogens pose major threats to agricultural productivity worldwide. While each pathogen found in the U.S. shows up in roughly 57 agricultural patents on average, those found outside the U.S. appear in only 11. The authors estimate that this innovation "mismatch" reduces global agricultural productivity by more than 40% and increases productivity gap between high-and low-income nations by 15%. Initiatives to bolster advanced skills and R&D in developing countries, such as Africa Higher Education Centers of Excellence, have shown great promise in closing this innovation gap. Since 2014, the program has partnered with more than 50 higher education institutions across Africa to support faculty, training, and R&D.                                                                                                                                                                                    There is a widespread consensus that innovation representsa source of economic development and the transformation of society. Based upon this perception, several countries adopt targets to increase their R&D investments as a way of reaching higher levels of development. The Europe 2020 strategy, for example, stated that 3% of the E.U. GDP should be invested in R&D. In 2017, R&D investments in Brazil as a percentage of GDP reached 1.26%. Although higher than other Latin American countries such as Argentina and Mexico, R&D investments in Brazil are much smaller than in developed countries. Given its relatively low levels of R&D investments, Brazil must not only raise them, but also increase their efficiency in order to convert local efforts into scientific and technological results. However, the efficiency of R&D investments is not a frequent subject in the literature. As a result, in order to measure and compare R&D efficiency indicators, it is necessary to define them first. Brazil produced 3.76 citable documents per US$ million R&D expenditures mainly financed by the government. As a result, the scientific efficiency of R&D expenditures in Brazil is about 35% of Australia's, 50% of China's and 75% of the U.S. The result indicate that the scientific efficiency of R&D expenditure in Brazil is low. Although more efficient than Argentina and Russia, Brazil showed a scientific efficiency of R&D personnel of about half of several countries (including China and Mexico). Although in this article we just point to the problem (and not to its cause), the role of all these factors must be investigated in order to tackle with it.

The Intersection of Psychology and Human Rights

                   This post is a tribute to all victims that suffered injustice and have had their human rights violated, to all human rights defenders who help to bring justice and truth for anyone looking for them, and to all victims that are fighting now for truth, justice and dignity. We all should participate in this fight because it is very important to fight against injustice. Without justice the violations can spread because the perpetrators feel they can do more and more and then we'd are all surviving in this nightmare called dystopia that would become an evil system difficult to combat. Therefore, help fighting human rights violations and injustice, when many abuses have systematically been done for so long time, the justice is even more important.  Do not think you are unreachable. We all must record any violation of human rights happening now. The systematic violations, the impunity, the daily bullying on TV, the indirectly threats about the creation of lies exist to do the victims give up to fight for justice, democracy and political rights. Besides, the violations, the systematic abuses, the daily humiliation and decades of impunity can have a dehumanizing effect in the population, do not let this happens, the solidarity and empathy are the essence of all human being.    This post is a summary of two articles. The first with the incomplete title above was published in 2024 at https://www.bps.org.uk/blog/intersection-psychology-and-human-rights-why-both-matter-more-ever. The second was published by the A.I. from Google.

                       Psychology, a field dedicated to understanding and improving the human condition, plays a vital role in advancing human rights by supporting mental health, combating discrimination, and advocating for marginalised communities. At its core, human rights are about protecting human dignity, wellbeing and freedom, issues that are deeply connected to psychological health and wellbeing. Psychology has evolved to not only recognise but also actively address the profound impact of human rights violations on mental health. Traumas caused by violence, persecution and discrimination leave lasting psychological scars, influencing people's semse of identity, self-worth, dignity and security. When human rights are compromised, mental health starts to deteriorate. Studies show that individuals who face oppression, persecution, or discrimination experience significantly higher rates of anxiety, depression, and trauma-related disorders. Consider the enduring trauma experienced by survivors of abuse and discrimination. The concept of trauma-informed care, widely adopted in psychology and healthcare, underscores the importance of understanding how trauma affects people's lives and behaviour. Psychology's emphasis on trauma-informed care aligns closely with human rights principles. It prioritises dignity, compassion and a person-centred approach, which acknowledges that everyone has a right to safety, understanding and compassionate care. Mental health support should not be a privilege, but a right available to all. Psychologists around the world are increasingly advocating for policies that make mental health services more accessible, affordable and culturally informed. By working with policymakers, providing expert testimony and conducting research that sheds light on human rights abuses. In some cases, psychologists speak out against practices that perpetuate injustice or harm, aligning with human rights advocates to address the structural factors that create and sustain inequality. While psychology often focuses on healing and recovery, it also emphasises resilience and empowerment, especially when facing adversity. Community psychology, a field closely aligned with human rights, focuses on empowering communities to address issues that affect their members' wellbeing. They often work with grassroots organisations and local leaders to address challenges such as discrimination and injustice, helping individuals advocate for their rights and foster sustainable change. The intersection of psychology and human rights reflects a shared vision: A world where every person can live with dignity, free from fear and oppression, and with access to the support they need to thrive. It's worth reflecting on the ways psychology can continue to support human rights through healing, empowerment and advocacy. In a world where inequality and injustice remain persistent. Commitment to understanding and supporting human needs makes it an essential ally in the fight for human rights.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 The intersection of psychology and human rights lies in psychology's role in supporting, advocating for, and understanding human rights, which includes addressing the psychological harm of violations, promoting well-being, and using scientific methods to support legal and policy efforts. Psychology provides the knowledge to understand the devastating effects of oppression, discrimination, and trauma, while human rights frameworks offer the principles and ethical guidelines for psychologists to act on. This intersection is evident in clinical practice with survivors of abuse, in research to document rights violations, and in advocating for policy changes to promote dignity and justice. How psychology supports human rights: 1) Healing and empowerment: Psychologists provide therapy and support to survivors of human rights violations, such as torture and sexual violence, focusing on healing trauma and empowering individuals to have a voice.  2) Evidence and advocacy: Psychologists can use their methodological skills to document human rights violations and provide expert evidence for legal proceedings, such as asylum claims. They can also provide support through amicus briefs on important legal cases. 3) Promoting well-being: Psychology contributes to understanding and promoting psychological, social, and economic well-being, which are integral to human rights. This includes advocating for equal access to mental and physical healthcare. 4) Understanding systemic issues:     Psychology helps explain the psychological roots of discrimination and prejudice, which can be used to develop more effective interventios. 5) Ethical framework: Psychology has an ethical code that requires psychologists to act in ways that protect and promote human rights regardless of their specific field.