Nobel Prize in Economics Underlines Role of Inclusive Institutions in Prosperity

                   Since the creation of this blog in 2010, its counter of visualizations doesn't work and the same is happening with my YouTube channel since its creation in 2020. For no reason,  I'm being  harmed in so many ways and for so long. Why can I not have a YouTube channel and blog with their counter of visualizations working like everyone else? However, all the world is demanding justice and equality. The Brazilian institutions must do more to guarantee the rights of the citizens. Despite the huge worldwide movement for my candidacy, I had only twelve votes according to the Brazilian voting machines. And the worldwide movement carry on, the good people of the world wants to see me working as a politician, because they know that it is where I need and deserve to be. But there is a certain  pressure on me give up my political rights and activism. Once again I'd like to thank all demonstration of support for my political rights coming from all parts of the world. This worldwide movement is already part of the world history and nobody can deny it. This post is a summary of two articles. The first with the title above was published at https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/nobel-prize-economics-prosperity-institutions-9620956/. The second was published at https://news.mit.edu/2024/mit-economists-daron-acemoglu-simon-johnson-nobel-prize-economics-1014

                                 The Nobel Prize 2024 in economics, was awarded to Daron Acemoglu and Simon Johnson of MIT and James Robinson of the University of Chicago. Their work revisits the original question raised by economics, why some nations are wealthy and others not. In a series of papers, the three winners highlight the role of economic and political institutions in determining the prosperity of nations and offers insights about how institutional structures of many nations and hence can explain their prosperity or lack of it. The "institutions hypothesis" proposed by the trio can explain the differences in economic prosperity across nations. Simply put, incentives and opportunities for investments can promote economic development and the protection of private property rights is a pre-condition for investments which ensures economic prosperity, extractive institutions on the other hand are inimical to investments and growth, as they disincentivise productive endeavours. Yet, such institutions can emerge and even persist since they provide rent extraction opportunities to the political elites. Consistent with their arguments, the authors empirically document a strong positive association between institutions and economic prosperity across nations. The insights of Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson continue to be pertinent. With income inequality rising, both across and within nations , the importance of better, inclusive institutions can't be overstated. Not only do we see more fragile and fractured societies, but the consequences of bad institutions can also be felt in growing problems. Institutional quality, measured by indicators like the strength of democracy, the rule of law, press freedom, and the absence of corruption has seen uneven progress around the world in the last decade. While some countries have made progress, other have stagnation or even worsening of institutional quality which is likely to exacerbate the host of problems.                                                                                                                             MIT economists Daron Acemoglu and Simon Johnson, whose work has illuminated the relationship between political systems and economic growth, have been named winners of the 2024 Nobel. James Robinson of the University of chicago, with whom they have worked closely, also share the award. "Societies with a poor rule of law and institutions that exploit the population do not generate growth or change for the better," the Swedish Academy of Sciences stated in the Nobel citation. The long-term research, which extends back for more than two decades, has empirically demonstrated that democracies, which hold to the rule of law and provide individual rights, have spurred greater economic activity over the last 500 years. In their work, Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson make a distinction between inclusive governments, which extend political liberties as broadly as possible while providing public infrastructure, with extractive political systems, where power is wielded by a small elite. Overall. the scholars have found, inclusive governments experience greatest growth. more specifically, because economic growth depends on widespread technological innovation, such advances are only sustained when and where countries promote an array of individual rights, including property rights, giving people more incentives to invent things. Elites may resist innovation and growth to hold on to power, but without the rule of law and a stable set of rights, innovation and growth stall. "Both political and economic inclusion matter, and they are synergistic," Acemoglu said during the MIT press conference.

VOTE EM QUEM TEM UM ATIVISMO DE DÉCADAS EM PROL DA CIDADANIA PLENA, DO DESENVOLVIMENTO, DA SAÚDE, DA EDUCAÇÃO e ESPORTE

           Começarei este texto com um pouco da história da minha participação nas eleições aqui em J.F. A minha 1º eleição como candidato seria em 2012, quando estava filiado no antigo PPS, mas não pude participar porque disseram no dia da convenção que não havia vagas. Depois em 2016, consegui disputar como candidato a vereador e tive 10 votos. Todos estranharam essa votação, pois em todos os lugares que fui, a expectativa de todos era que teria uma grande votação, inclusive as pessoas dão risada quando digo quantos votos tive. Outro fato marcante na eleição de 2016 foi que uma candidatura bateu o recorde de votos com quase 10 mil, sendo que geralmente o candidato mais votado em J.F. tem em torno de 5 mil ou 6 mil votos. Isso são fatos históricos é só pesquisar no Google. Eleição é em evento muito sério, é o principal momento de uma democracia. Na próxima eleição em 2018, fui candidato a deputado estadual, ainda pelo partido Solidariedade, o qual estou filiado deste 2016. Nesta eleição tive 65 votos. Também havia a expectativa geral que teria uma grande votação, mas infelizmente essa expectativa mais uma vez não foi confirmada. Em 2020, não pude ser candidato a vereador, o partido disse somente no dia da convenção que só tinha eu como candidato e como não pode haver somente um candidato, tive que desistir da candidatura. Em 2022, fui candidato a deputado estadual e o movimento mundial pela minha candidatura já está bem intenso e evidente. Fiz um vídeo com os posts do Facebook de Setembro de 2022, mês que antecedeu o dia da eleição, para que todos possam ver como o movimento pela minha candidatura já estava muito forte na eleição de 2022. Acesse meu canal para lembrar e comprovar a mobilização demonstrada pelo mundo em torno da importância da minha candidatura já há dois anos.  https://youtube.com/@lucianofietto4773?si=tQ0zov8UXVY3JYs4. Tudo que acontece vira um fato histórico e atualmente com a internet onde tudo fica gravado, fica fácil todos terem acesso para saber o que aconteceu. Esse movimento mundial pela justiça, educação, solidariedade, saúde, ética, esporte, sustentabilidade, transparência na política e minha candidatura vem acontecendo com muita intensidade deste 2020 e já faz parte da história mundial. Inclusive várias organizações e políticos já mencionaram indiretamente este movimento. Nunca um candidato obteve tanta unanimidade em torno de sua candidatura, todos tem visto no meu Facebook e no meu canal no YouTube demonstração de apoio vinda de todos os continentes.  

A New Political Leadership for the Twenty-First Century

                             Like I said before, there isn't much what to say in this electoral campaign that wasn't said for this worldwide movement happening since I was a candidate for the first time in 2016, but became much more intense since 2020 when I was prevented from being a candidate for city councilor. This year I'm a candidate for city councilor and my number is 77650. I'd like to thank all people supporting my candidacy and that made this candidacy possible. This report written by Marcos Pena, a independent consultant for the Americas Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington, D.C.  This post is a summary of the report with the title above and  published in December 2021 at https://www.csis.org/analysis/new-political-leadership-twenty-first-century

                               This work comes from a personal search. In December 2019, I finished my job as chief of cabinet of ministers for President Mauricio Macri in Argentina. I had the invaluable collaboration of Alberto Lederman, an Argentine consultant on leadership and organizations, for the process. He taught me a lot on the importance of the human and personal dimension of leadership. One of the lessons learned took place when I asked people I had worked with to help me take a closer look at things I had to work on that stood out. I had nearly 50 conversations asking feedback on a more personal level, and what struck me was how emotional issues and interpersonal bonding always came up. What each one took away from the shared experience were hopes, enthusiasm, disagreements, joy, and sadness. Of course, political or ideological discussions also arose, but they were always within the framework of what they experienced on a personal level. What I learned confirmed that there was something worth exploring further. I began to work more systematically to understand the human dimension of leadership. In general, the formation of a politician is rational, and he tends to omit his personhood as his career progresses. As you grow in your political career and assume more tasks, a defense mechanism is triggered that takes you to survival mode, that generally puts you on the defensive, more disconnected from emotions, less able to emphasize. Living in permanent conflict, defending positions, and receiving criticism and attacks leads to an addictive model where tactical operations become the habitual drug. Added to this complicated dynamic are the trappings of fame and public exposure. Being well known in a hyper-communication society like the one we live in is something that has an impact on the individual and their family. It is neither neutral nor natural. It restricts your freedom and it redefines relationships. Political science doesn't focus on understand fame and how it impacts a person. It is also something that has changed significantly in recent years with the advancement of digital communication. The COVID-19 pandemic exposed how limited our national and international institutions have become in tackling global issues. We must think of institutional solutions that can face global issues more effectively than our current solutions. Think of the global and the personal as two scales for the twenty-first century. Barbara Tuchman asked how good human beings are at leading us in her book March of Folly," a remarkable phenomenon throughout history beyond place or period is that humanity, it would seem, perform worse on government than on almost any other human activity. In this realm, wisdom, defined as the exercise of judgment based on experience, common sense, and available information, is less operative and more thwarted than it should be." Historically, political leadership was embodied by people who based their power on not being equal to others. Human beings who bordered on the divine or who were chosen by the deities. The architecture of power reflects that distance, which hid and alienated the leader from his subjects. Over time, that type of leadership was questioned, and a more rational-democratic leadership was sought, although we still see personalistic and populist leaders persist today. In the book, In Sickness and in Power, David Owen shows us the reality behind this deification, narrating in medical-professional detail the mental and physical health problems that the some leaders of the XX century had, especially the so-called Hubris Syndrome. He defines it as a temporary disorder suffered by people with power, characterized by the exaltation of the ego, excessiveness, contempt for the opinion of others, loss of contact with reality, and other problems. In Latin America, this vertical tradition was combined with the culture of the caudilho, which combines religious elements with a power based on being the incarnation of the people. Resentment and disenchantment exacerbate the problem, since many see political leaders as a privileged group unable to solve problems and as corrupt individuals who take advantage of and abuse power. It is a model destined to fail because nothing good can come out of that dynamic. In this context of volatility, uncertainty and complexity, we should look at the human dimension, seeing emphaty and an emotional bond with the population as a basic and necessary condition. Awareness of your humanity and connection with others is a path that helps prevent the evils of abuse of power or bad rulers. Political leadership should be designed in such a way as to reduce the risks of self-sufficiency of the group mentality that usually surrounds personalistic leadership. This will make room for the emotional component that reduces the dehumanization produced by the wear and tear of the exercise of power. The following 9 dimensions that should be included in a political leader's toolbox. All these issues feed and complement each other and offer different ways to help leaders be more connected with their humanity. 1) Mental Health and Emotional Side - It is essential to work on self-awareness, connection with emotions and psychological support in a activity as demanding as politics.  2) The Body and High Performance - Human body isn't prepared to make so many decisions and be in a context of persistent stress. They have to take a more comprehensive look at themselves. Every leader should have a toolbox that includes breathing techniques, daily movement, how to eat and the subject of sleep. 3) Presence and Communication - By analyzing human behavior, understand that authentic presence is what resonates with any audience. We must teach leaders that we communicate not only with words but with the energy of presence. This also requires training techniques practiced daily, as is done in physical training.  4) Back to Nature and Rewilding - We need to be in contact with nature. Nature helps a leader in many ways: contact with animals boosts empathy, spending time in nature gives us perspective and make us humbler.  5) Managing Character and Fame - Being famous generates various impacts one should try to prepare for. Being famous will come with loss of freedom, impact on families and your inner circle, and constant stress by being seen by others. Learning about who have gone through the phenomenon of fame can help to manage this situation and help processing the emotional, psychological and practical impact that fame brings.  6) Connecting to our Virtual World - What we digitally consume affect us mentally and emotionally. Given the addictive nature of digital platforms, we are very exposed to consuming a poor-quality digital diet. When is a leadership position, this problem can become dramatic since it is entirely up to the leader how he will use his time. It can end up working as an antianxiety agent.  7) Perspective and Widening the Gaze - Visual perspective can be trained, but it can also be worked on from the content we consume through different dimensions. One dimension has to do with looking at other realities, seeing what is happening in other countries, ideally traveling, but if not, at least consuming content that show us we can find solutions to problems that we think are exclusively our own, but that exist everywhere and reading about global perspectives.   8) The Collective - A team is the most way to contain egos and put them to work according to a common goal.  9) Sustainable Strategies: Think about Promotions and Demotions Long Term - Many political careers are thought of in terms of how to move up in the hierarchical power structure. Thinking of a career plan also helps us to think about a diversity of experiences and objectives, alternating periods of power with others of personal development. And it also helps every seasoned leader think that part of his task is to mentor new generations. Leadership should be more human, more collaborative, more connected with emotions and humbler in order to be effective. Thinking about the human dimension of political leadership changes the perspective on what it means to be a leader today. 

VOTE CONTRA A INJUSTIÇA, O BULLYING, AS VIOLAÇÕES DE DIREITOS HUMANOS, A FALTA DE EMPATIA, ETC. VOTE POR VOCÊ. VOTE 77650

                               Este deve ser o penúltimo texto desta campanha, infelizmente, como foi as outras campanhas,tem sido uma campanha muito simples. Deste a implementação do fundo eleitoral disse que ele serviria para aumentar as desigualdades entre os candidatos que já tem mandatos e os novatos que tentam a renovação. Mas ainda bem que tenho o ativismo na internet e um movimento mundial me apoiando. Nestes dez dias que faltam para o dia da eleição tentarei distribuir mais material publicitário. E também manterei a campanha diária na internet.  São vários os problema que tenho que superar na minha vida e a falta de dinheiro para a campanha é só mais um deles. Dia 6 de Outubro é o dia de votar e espero que todos votem pelo que é certo, ético, pelos valores humanistas, pela justiça, pelo pensamento coerente, sensato, solidário e universal.  A democracia deve ser aprimorada, mas isso ocorre não só no Brasil, vários países estão passando por momentos difíceis com relação à democracia e a política.  Está descrença na democracia e na política é em parte por causa da corrupção, e em parte por causa da falta de incentivo aos novatos pelo sistema. Mas a corrupção pode ser um problema igual ou pior na ditadura. Para combater a corrupção é necessário aumentar a transparência dos governos e empresas públicas e a fiscalização por parte dos organismos competentes e do legislativo. E sem democracia não há direitos humanos e sem direitos humanos não há democracia. Por isso ganhando ou não temos todos que continuar defendendo a democracia e os direitos humanos, pois sem isso restará a distopia, que é a vitória da injustiça, da hipocrisia, do silêncio da população, do medo. Há mais de duas décadas luto contra a injustiça, o bullying e a ignorância e pode ter certeza que é chegada a hora da justiça começar. Além de todos os obstáculos que temos que superar para tornar o Brasil melhor, não podemos esquecer também do bullying que vem ocorrendo diariamente, até por parte de empresas grandes da mídia tradicional. E esse bullying  pode estar sendo usado para vários motivos. Para intimidar e não deixa também de ser uma ameaça a todos. Como disse o filósofo Montesquieu, "a injustiça que se faz a um, é uma ameaça que se faz a todos." Mais um motivo talvez seja o de provocar medo na população, talvez com o objetivo do controle e da manipulação. Diga não as tentativas de culpabilização das vítimas, diga não a inversão de valores.  E também este bullying pode estar sendo usado para desviar a atenção da população para os reais problemas do país. De qualquer modo temos que dar a resposta agora na urna. Tenho escrito muito sobre a importância da relação entre democracia e direitos humanos no meu blog. E tenho percebido nas minhas caminhadas para a campanha que o povo tem entendido isto. O povo está entendendo que está luta não é só minha, como há dois anos atrás, tenho sentido o apoio do povo em todos os lugares que vou. Toda violação de direito não pode ficar impune, pois caso isso ocorra, poderia abrir um precedente muito perigoso para a democracia, para a justiça, para o direito de cada um de nós. Está luta contra a injustiça é de todos. Juntos podemos melhorar a justiça, garantir os direitos mais básicos dos cidadãos, os direitos humanos são os direitos mais básicos e devem ser respeitado por todos. E quando a violação destes direitos acontecem por tantos anos temos que buscar a justiça para compensar tanto dano moral, material e psicológico. Votar em quem defende os direitos humanos é votar em você.  

The Global State of Democracy 2024: Strengthening the Legitimacy of Elections in a Time of Radical Uncertainty

                       This post is a summary of the book with the title above published in 2024 at https://cdn.sanity.io/files/2e5hi812/productio2024/0134f4cc56156db21ee23cf1072ab6d71704cd51.pdf

                         The 2024 elections falls fittingly into this era of uncertainty, with candidates and political parties using potentially transformational policy agendas. In most cases, the inherent and healthy uncertainty of elections sparks the kind of debate that drives democracy forward. In other contexts, however, it can motivate more hostile disputes and unrest. The credible elections index aggregates indicators that measure the extent to which elections are free from irregularities, such as flaws and biases in the voter registration and campaign processes, voter intimidation and fraudulent counting. The Index of Credible Elections is a key indicator to consider in evaluating the quality of representation around the world. In our most recent data, we find that 39 countries performed worse in this area than they had in 2018. For different reasons, Guatemala stands apart from the trends. It is an ambiguous case, in which there has been a significant decline in the Cridible Elections Index, but the final outcome of the 2023 election was that the person who received the most votes took office. One of the main features of the Guatemala process that illustrate another global trend is the judicialization of elections. President Arévalo and his party faced investigation by prosecutors, attempts to have his candidacy invalidated. Rights Index is an aggregate measure ofa fair system, respect for civil liberties, the extent to which the material and social supports of democracy are available and the degree to which political equality between social groups is realized. Freedom of Expression and Freedom of the Press refers to the right to openly discuss political issues and express political opinions outside the mass media and to considerations of the broader information environment. Freedom of the Press measures the extent to which the news media are diverse, honest, critical of the government and free from censorship, it also measure independence of the media. Although digital repression has become the favourite tool of authoritarian regimes, its use is not exclusive to such regimes. In recent years, democracies and autocracies alike have seen a rise in digital censorship, the use of spyware, disinformation and information manipulation. To better safeguard democracy against existing digital threats, democracies must reinforce the protection of citizens' rights. This includes shielding citizens from invasive digital surveillance, making online platform more accountable, creating safeguards for AI and adjusting data protection. Judicial Independence denotes the extent to which the courts are not subject to undue influence from the other branches of government. The most recent Global State of Democracy Index data reveal that several key phases of the electoral cycle are suffering from declines. Credible Elections scores (which measure competition, occurrence of fraud, government intimidation, fairness of legal framework) are among the most declining metrics around the world. These declines are compounded by significant downturns in other factors necessary for a legitimate electoral cycle, including indicators of Free Political Parties and respect for Freedom of Expression. Unsurprising, popular perceptions of electoral integrity are also suffering. There are several reasons why understanding electoral integrity is critical to democracy. First, while elections are not sufficient to qualify a political system as democratic, it is well established that they are a core minimum for any democracy. Second, a robust concept of electoral integrity is key for reform. Election organizations must understand where the weaknesses in the electoral process are so that they can work to strengthen those activities and procedures. A recent study found that vote counting has emerged as an area of significant decline. These recent findings are important to consider, especially in comparison with the GSoD data. The latter data set shows that metrics of Credible Elections, which include assessments of intentional irregularities and voter fraud, government intimidation and independence of electoral organizations. There are multiple, complex drivers of public perceptions of electoral integrity, Specifically, addressing voter and stakeholder concerns related to vote counting, which our data reveal to be areas that people pay the most attention to, will require new levels of action. Public perceptions matter for electoral integrity. It is, after all, voters who ultimately grant legitimacy to elected governments. In an age when electoral processes face a bevy of new challenges, and public trust in democratic institutions is declining, protecting electoral integrity is of utmost importance. While some experts pointed to campaign finance as among the weakest aspect of the electoral cycle, our data reveal that court challenges and the public are much more focused on voting counting. Voters pay attention to the regulations, and deviations matter in public assessments of the credibility of elections. If elections are to continue to act as the foundation stone of democratic systems, it is critical to reinforce public trust in them. Integrating popular opinion into the activities of the electoral cycle is one important step in this process.

VOTE POR VOCÊ, PELOS SEUS DIREITOS, PELA HUMANIDADE, PELO MOVIMENTO MUNDIAL, VOTE 77650

                      Dia 6 de Outubro é um dia especial para todos os Brasileiros, é dia de eleições. Especialmente para os eleitores de Juiz de Fora terá de ser um dia de reflexão sobre temas muito importantes para a vida de todos. Neste blog que tenho deste Agosto de 2010, ou Facebook que tenho  https://www.facebook.com/LucianoFiettoNascimento/posts/1849390425149753notif_id=1537854penso estar expondo  todas as razões pelas quais é muito importante que minha candidatura saia vitoriosa da eleição no próximo mês. De fato, penso que está importância vai muito além dos limites do município. Poderia até dizer dos limites do estado e do país. Por isso, penso que a eleição do dia 6 de Outubro é diferenciada das outras, porque milhões estarão esperando o resultado das urnas daqui da cidade. Para votar, o eleitor deve olhar o que o candidato já fez sem recursos e sem cargos políticos, o que está fazendo com as condições que tem, e o que empoderado com um cargo político, poderá fazer. Há muitos artigos explicando o que o eleitor deve procurar nos candidatos para fazer uma boa escolha.http://thepeopleteacher.blogspot.com/2022/09/what-makes-good-politician-part-iii.html E se o eleitor os leu, sabe que este candidato tem todas as características de um bom, autêntico e qualificado político.http://thepeopleteacher.blogspot.com/2016/09/what-makes-good-politician.html Inclusive, trabalhando em contato direto com o povo dos 14 anos até os dias atuais. E está proximidade espero levar para sempre, apesar das tentativas de me isolar, inclusive com as humilhações diárias que venho passando nos últimos 24 anos de vida. Nesta humilde e simples campanha que estou fazendo, estou tentando expôr a importância da representatividade da minha candidatura, questões que venho defendendo nestes 18 anos de ativismo e que precisam cada vez mais de apoio, espaço na mídia e incentivo. E talvez por isso mesmo, venho passando por esses enormes desafios, privações, humilhações e bullying nestes últimos 24 anos de vida. Espero contar com a ajuda da população para ter mais condições de defender a democracia, a educação e os direitos básicos dos cidadãos, isto é, defender os direitos à saúde, a educação, ao desenvolvimento da própria população. Espero que todos tenham o discernimento de entender questões defendidas há séculos pela humanidade como prioritárias na hora de votar e não se deixam levar por mentiras, compra de votos, promessas, ameaças, etc. E claro não vendam seu voto, não sejam corrompidos por ilusões. Por tudo que venho passando, talvez por defender o que venho defendendo. Por feito Economia (incompleto) e Letras e ter lido dezenas de livros sobre as questões que defendo. Por lutar e defender questões essenciais, apesar de muitas vezes ser chamado de vários apelidos que tentam me desanimar e enfraquecer a luta. Por ter este ativismo de dezoito anos. Por tudo que os eleitores sabem que aconteceu e vem acontecendo há pelo menos 3 décadas, penso que sou o mais preparado para o cargo de vereador, o mais merecedor dos votos dos eleitores e o que precisa mais de um cargo político e não é somente eu que digo isso, o mundo também está dizendo.

Day of Fighting Injustice - 2024 - Part II

                      Since the creation of this blog in 2010, its counter of visualizations doesn't work and the same is happening with my YouTube channel since its creation in 2020. For no reason,  I'm being  harmed in so many ways and for more than two decades. Why can I not have a YouTube channel and blog with their counter of visualizations working like everyone else? However, now all the world is demanding justice and equality. The Brazilian institutions including from the federal, state and city government must do more to increase political inclusion, fairness, responsiveness to public demands. Once again I'd like to thank everyone doing this worldwide movement stronger than ever, using their time and internet to raise awareness to injustices happening around the world. I'll be forever grateful to those helping with their solidarity. If you want to know my channel, watch my videos, https://youtube.com/@lucianofietto4773?si=kzZQtwV_02bTPVYA. Despite rumours that I wouldn't be a candidate, I'm now a candidate for city councilor and my number is 77650.    This post is a summary of two article. The first was published at https://humanrights.albion.edu/2022/12/20/fighting-injustice-with-human-solidarity/. The second was published at https://fastercapital.com/topics/fighting-for-justice-and-reform-in-the-face-of-injustice.html

                         We live in a world full of injustices. When we encounter them, it can be hard to know how to respond. Injustices comes in many forms, and so there are many ways to fight against it. Sometimes, there are relatively simple steps one can take to fight against injustice, steps that do not take much time. This includes speaking up when you hear a derogatory comment. While this may be simple. it can still be challenging to do and have a powerful impact on others. Sometimes talking to someone about their language is not enough. Not everyone is open to these conversations. And, often the problems goes far beyond bigoted comments. Comments may be joined with harmful actions and even policies. These all contribute to the creation of a culture of injustice. A culture that you very well may be told is impenetrable. You can't listen to the voice telling you change is impossible. Throughout history we have seen the impossible come to pass. We have seen change be implemented. We have seen how one person can spark a movement, and how even the most insurmountable obstacles can be tackled. You can make a difference, and change is possible. So how do you fight for change when you witness an injustice? First, you have to have three things: hope, grit, and joy. Without hope for a better future things will never change. You must advocate knowing that a difference can be made and let that drive you. You must also have grit. Advocacy can be like driving on a long and rocky road scattered with fallen trees and other obstacles. It will not always be easy, and there are sure to be many challenges along the way. So you must be enduring, adaptable, and patient. Third, you have to find joy. When traveling on that long and difficult road it can be hard to find joy in your work, but it is much easier to reach your destination with it. You have to take care of yourself, both physically and mentally, to be able to keep working for change. Looking for and holding on to the joy in your work will help with that, It also can open your mind to new, effective, and creative means to spread your message. Now, given you have hope, grit, and joy, what specific steps can you take to advocate for change?   1) One option is to communicate with decision makers. These are your elected officials and other people in positions of power.   2) Another option is to organize and/or attend a protest, demonstration, or rally. Protests can bring attention to an issue, educate others, and garner support. When organizing a protest, make sure your purpose is clear. You should also generate solidarity and craft a unified and inclusive message.   3) You may also use more creative means to spread your message. They are powerful, and generate empathy.                                                                                                   The fight for justice in the face of injustice is a never-ending battle that require courage, perseverance, and a strong sense of morality. In the context of wrongful convictions, the need for justice is more pressing than ever, as innocent people continue to be imprisoned or even executed due to systemic flaws in the justice systems. In this section, we'll explore the different ways in which individuals and organizations are fighting for justice and discuss the challenges they face in their quest for a more just and fair society. Advocacy and awareness campaigns are crucial tool in the fight for justice. These campaigns aim to raise public awareness about the issue of wrongful convictions, and to mobilize public support to prevent future miscarriages of justice. Legal advocacy and litigation are also important tools in the fight for justice and reform. Lawyers and legal organizations can work to exonerate wrongfully convicted individuals, challenge unjust laws. Activism is also important tool in the fight for justice. Local communities can work together to raise awareness about wrongful convictions, and hold persons accountable for their actions. The fight for justice in the face of injustice requires a multi-faceted approach that involves advocacy and awareness campaign, legal advocacy and litigation, legislative advocacy and activism. By working together and using a variety of tools and strategies, we can create a more just and fair society that values the rights and dignity of all individuals. Activism is important because it empowers individuals and groups to challenge the status quo and bring about change. It is a way for people to use their voice and make their opinions heard. There are many examples of social activism throughout history. One of the most well-known examples is the civil rights movements in the U.S. Advocacy serves as a powerful tool to shed light on the injustices faced by those unlawfully confined. Through  advocacy, individuals can amplify the voices of the victims, raise public awareness, and rally support for their cause. By harnessing the power of advocacy, the plight of those in unlawful confinement can be brought to the forefront, compelling authorities to take action. Fighting for justice isn't easy, especially when it comes to witness tampering. This despicable act can have a significant impact on the outcome of a trial, however, there are ways to combat witness tampering and fight for justice. One way to combat witness tampering is to implement stronger legal protection for witness. This cloud include providing witness with anonymity or protection from retaliation. By making it more difficult for individuals to tamper with witness, we can help ensure that justice is served. Another challenge is the resistance that innocence organizations may face is from the justice system. Prosecutors and others may be resistant to admitting that they made a mistake or engaged in misconduct, and may fight efforts to overturn wrongful convictions. Innocence organizations must be persistent in their efforts.