Next Wednesday, June 20th, One of the biggest protests in Brazil history will complete five years. The reason why those protests are studied until now and other though bigger, like what happened in March 2016, for example, is not so much studied, it was its character totally spontaneous and unexpected. It was as, if suddenly, the Brazilian people realized that they deserve a better governance, a better return for so many taxes the Brazilians pay. Besides, we want respect for our most basic human rights and justice when they are violated, this meaning due compensation for any harm, humiliation, loss of freedom, death, persecution, etc. We want a country where goodness is exalted and evil, lies and hipocrisy combated. We want a fair, transparent and inclusive electoral and political systems. We want honesty, efficiency, productivity, solidarity and accountability from our politicians and authorities. In short, we want a country that really works for the progress and happiness of its citizens. This year there will be elections, so it is time that we all remember what have happenned in the last ten years and make a good decision in October. This post is a summary of the article published in 2015 at www2.pucpr.br/reol/index.php/dialogo?dd1=16100...
In Brazil, manifestations of social movements in public spaces are usual since the time of the colony, but gained greater visibility from the decade of 1950. they built new meaning to social struggles, collaborated to build the Brazilian citizenship and contributed to the process of consolidating democracy. There were large demonstrations, as the ' Diretas Já 'in 1984 and the movement of the 'painted faces' by the impeachment of former President Collor de Melo in 1992, which entered into the history of the country as a mark of fighting for democracy and ethics in politics. That period to the present, hundreds of organized social movements that took to the streets to fight for their rights. Workers led by unions have taken to the streets as a space for public visibility of your demands. From 2013 brand new actors stepped in and changed the panorama of the demonstrations in Brazil with crowds on the streets after being called by social networks online. It is estimated that over a million people took to the streets in brazil during the month of June 2013 in demonstrations that had an initial focus on the increase of public transport fares, and then expanded the repertoire of demands for other areas of the public service in the areas of education, health and public security, etc. On the posters seen in the demonstrations, there was indignation about various things and themes, the complaint of the precariousness of public services to the low standard of political practice. There was great youth protagonism, organized into collectives that summoned online public acts, performed without partisan flags or t-shirts and rent sound of unions. It is also known that the Free Pass Movement ( FPM ) had decisive action on invocation of the acts of protests on the streets in June. The FPM was officially created in 2005 in Porto Alegre, during the WSF ( World Social Forum ). The great revolution operated in form of communication between individuals, with the consumption and development of new technologies, especially the internet and the use of mobile devices, generators of great potential for mobilization of civil society. For this reason, in June 2013, when crowds took to the streets, there was no mediator between the demonstrators and the authorities, there was no interlocutors. After June 2013, civil society institutions, such as the CNBB, OAB, anti-corruption movements and the platform of social movements have formed a "democratic political reform coalition and clean elections" for the preparation of a proposal to be presented as a bill of popular initiative. In March 2015, new mass demonstrations erupt on the streets of Brazil, with different characteristics of June 2013 at repertoire demands, social groups that call, social composition and age of the participants. Among the new group's organizers of the act in March 2015 are: "Coming out the streets," "Brazil Free Movement," and "Angry Online," among other ten new groups. The demonstration of March 2015 will certainly go down in history of acts of large protests in Brazil. The dynamics of the process of social contestation has expanded as the mobilization of public opinion, conducted mainly through social networks, acted as agent for the maintenance of street demonstrations. With that gave impulse to political campaigns around various topics, share new images and sociasl representations about the economic crisis and politics in Brazil today. Organizing
around social networks, not an organization or given specific movement, have made possible new dynamics to social protests, fleeing the already institutionalized organizations control, such as: CUT, MST, etc. For all that, from 2013 we must rethink the analyses on the logic of collective action organized structures have taken traditional movements in the brazilian scene, in recent decades, and the logics of personal engagement, convened by a plurality of social and political groups for as better understanding of the conditions of transformation and activism at the present time. In our interpretation, the demonstration in Brazil from 2013 also built new meanings to social struggles. Certainly, their protests go beyond digital activism. The events in the heat of the time provoke reactions that generate new fronts of collective action. The composition of them is complex, diverse, with multiple actors, proposals and conceptions of politics, society and the government. Democracy expanded and demonstrations show us that it is a process, not something given or closed. One of the great legacies of June 2013 was the legitimation of the social protest as a way to search for short-term changes. The crowds have adhered to the streets as a way to press to changes. In the short term, the changes can be more than cultural, in order to create new values and perspectives in participants and in society in general. For this, we say earlier that this type of proposal can generate mobilizations that produce other lifestyles and values in society, these values that refers to the human rights field, to think about a new generation of rights. June 2013 affected the field of politics and party-political forces correlation was taut. As for the ideological underpinnings that has fueled the collective actions of the main actors who have participated in the recent street demonstrations in Brazil, the characterization that we presented above show us that they have many arrays, ranging from Utopian socialism of the 19th century, to the power of the social networks, also conceptions of liberalism and marxism. There is a hegemonic orientation, that there are groups or collectives activists on social networks, organizing and disseminating guidelines of demands where at least one focus is common: the fight for ethics in politics, against corruption. Implicit in the demands and forms of forwarding of the protests is a big question of how to operate the Brazilian democracy today and the search for new path. How to establish mediation between government and civil society, which actors and political agents to establish nexus in this relationship?
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